Micose of nails on the legs - symptoms and treatment

Failure mycosis is an infection accompanied by a cosmetic defect and a number of clinical symptoms.Pathological changes refer to the layer of the skin and the nail plate.The causal agent of mycoses are representatives of the lower class mushrooms.The infectious process is not only dangerous for the patient himself, but also from the relatives around him.How to prevent the mycosis of nails and get rid of infection is discussed.

Micosis of the nails on the legs - what is it?

The legs on the legs are called onychomycosis and relate to a special classification of diseases.Complaints about the infection have grown several times recently.Doctors combine this indicator with unhealthy ecology.

Onychomycosis is a disease in which the structure of the nail plate and the epidermal layer is disturbed.The surrounding substances (skin roller) are involved in the pathological process.The nail is arranged so that the cells are pressed closely against each other and form a dense surface.Matrix and blood vessels that surround the bone phalanx are placed under the nail plate.The upper layer is shown by hyponichie, and there is eponichie at the base of the nail.With the mycosis of the nail, the pathogen influences the lower layers of the nail to the matrix.At the same time, separation cells destroy keratocytes and the nail plate is diluted and brittle.Onychomycosis is accompanied in the absence of treatment of various complications and is difficult to give in to modern therapy.

A little more than 50 types of fungal infections that are dangerous for humans are known.All have different morphological features and parasitic stages.In order to finally identify the pathogen, an obligatory microscopic examination is carried out.

Nails on the legs are required to protect the soft parts of the fingers from injuries.Fashionistas draw nails in different colors, which is why mycosis is also considered a cosmetic defect.With onychomycosis, the appearance of the nail becomes worse.The nail plates burst, break and destroy completely.The disease provokes a deterioration of chronic systemic pathologies.

According to the layer of the nail, the causal remedy begins to actively share and publish new and new Micelius threads.Due to the lack of air, Myzel applies to healthy areas of nail and skin.The disease should be diagnosed and treated.

Types of disease

A distinction is made between different types of pathogen that influence the legs on the legs.Classify parasites according to morphological characteristics and clinical signs.

1. Trichophytes are red - a mushroom with branching and disputes on the threads of Myzel.The localization of the process falls on the epidermis, rough (keratisized) parts of the cells.A specific feature of the damage to the red trichophyton is the strictness of the fabrics.Light spots and strips are different and then merge.In the thickness of the skin cells, Myzel is compressed, stretched and forms disputes that can withstand methods of different treatment.The structure of trichofitone is clearly visible when coloring the nailed medication in a microscope.
2. Epidermophyt is a flat -free microorganism that causes the mycosis of nails on the legs in the form of peeling the skin, the itching of the space and laying of the nail.In contrast to trichophyton, epidermophytone grows into different directions of its spore cell, so that the localization of the process is blurred.Myzel of different thicknesses: from tender thin to wide and short.When examining a microscopic drug, spores and part of the myzel are compared with flakes.The infection of epidermophytes is accompanied by a change in the pigmentation of the nail and its gradual destruction.The infectious process begins both from the edge of the nail plate and its base.In addition to the yellowing of the patient's nail plate, increased drought and fast keratization are concerned.
3. MentaGrofitest is one of the clever representatives of Trichophyton.It is less common, it affects the skin of the feet, the nail rollers of the legs and the nail plate itself. The cause penetrates into the lower layers and can reach the U -boat epidermis matrix.Causes a seal of the stratum corneum and roughly of delicate parts of the nail.Statistics show that almost 20 % of the fungal infections fall on Trichophyton MentaGrofitest, 80 % trichophyte -rubrum.The onychomycosis caused by mentagrophytes contributes to the development of allergies, the formation of vesicles and bubbles of the affected epidermis.
4. Trichophyte rubrum is a stable microorganism for external factors, but more often it affects the skin of the legs.The causal active ingredient is for a long time on the patients' shoes and socks.In most cases, it is found together with other representatives of onychomycosis.

5. Hefe microorganisms are known as a candidate.Candidiasis can be found on nails, skin and layers of mucus.In mycosis of nails, candidates cause specific symptoms and various degrees of destruction of Keercites.After carrying out research, the scientists concluded that the candidate rarely became the main cause of mycosis.Against the background of a decrease in local immunity, the fungus is introduced in microtrauma of the nail and "dissolved" disputes.The fungus of the mushroom is long, thin, branched.Myzeltrang and many disputes are found in a microscopic increase.The onychomycosis caused by Candida is accompanied by the formation of wounds, a change in the shape and color of the nail.Candida parapsilosis is one of the types of candidiasis.A remarkable feature of the disease is the primary formation of a dark spot on the surface of the nail.The point is increasing in the future - the nail becomes fragile and moves away from the matrix.
6. Skopulariopsis is a less common type of nail mycosis.Similar to candidiasis, there are also significant differences in morphology.Black small dots appear on the surface of the nail plate.In the thickness of the nail, the formation is much wider and darker.The spread of the points leads to relaxation and destruction of the nail.

The species features of the pathogen contribute to the correct diagnosis of the disease.In order to make a final diagnosis, however, it is not enough to know the clinical characteristics of the infection.The pathogen should be differentiated for this.

Causes

The main reason for onychomycosis is the penetration of the mushroom into keratocytes or epidermis.This process results for the following reasons:

• a weakened immune system due to longer use of antibacterial medicines (general and local action);

• Direct contact with infections: common household items, visiting pools or public saunas;
• the presence of chronic diseases of the endocrine system and the thyroid gland;
• Systemic pathologies of the veins of extremities: thrombosis, atherosclerosis, seizure extension, tendency to thrombophlebitis;
• Herpetic infection that contributes to the fall of the body's defense;
• Gastrointestinal diseases and muscle pathologies;
• Age -related changes.

Nail mycosis can be the result of incorrectly selected shoes and underwear.

Pay attention!Wearing socks synthetic quality leads to a lack of air, which creates the "floor" to spread mycoses.

Close shoes and shoes are not seasonal, the lack of leg hygiene and the use of manicure common tools often leads to onychomycosis compared to chronic diseases.

Symptoms

You can assume the mycosis of nails in the presence of signs as follows:

1. Small itching and burning.
2. Peeling the skin and redness of the interdigital space.
3. Tightening the nail and the appearance on the surface of small dots, cracks or strict.
4. An unpleasant smell and pain appears with efforts on the toes (while walking, walking or shoes).

The pathology develops quickly, and after a short time the patient is concerned about fragility, relaxation and pigmentation of the plate.In the absence of treatment, a yellow -green or dark brown color, roll hyperemia, the burning of the epidermis and the disappearance of the nail gloss appears.All of these signs show various damage to the nail.

The degree of damage to the legs on the legs

The mushroom of nails on the legs is classified according to the degree of intensity of clinical signs.There are only three pathological cycles:

• Initial or normotrophic degree.The focus of the infection is on the extreme fingers.The plate has a light stratification or light pigmentation.
• The hypertrophic conclusion is characterized by the development of clinical signs.Patients notice pain, increased sweating and the presence of unpleasant smell.The nail is compressed and colorful.
• The atrophic conclusion is the most dangerous form of pathology, since all layers of the nail and the matrix are involved in the pathological process.Atrophic changes are recorded by nearby skin parts and a roller.Due to the considerable destruction, the risk of bacterial infection and the development of purulent processes increases.The processing of treatment can lead to sepsis or bacteria.

The type of disease is extremely important for a doctor because you can determine the treatment method and avoid complications.

Diagnosis

Diagnostics or mycologists are involved in diagnostics and in the treatment of the disease.In order to confirm the diagnosis, special studies are carried out:

• Microscopic examination part of the nail or scratch;
• Sowing for nutrient media for the growth of the pathogen and the selection of therapy;
• Histological examination of the skin of the skin to evaluate the severity.

The doctor carries out an external examination and collects the patient's medical history and his symptoms.If necessary, it is recommended to carry out a general blood test.

Diagnostic manipulations take some time because part of the nail is placed in special solutions for the dissolution of cellular elements and to examine pathogen morphology.It is impossible to make a diagnosis only by external signs, we can only accept a pathogenic pathogen.

After thorough diagnosis and evaluation of the severity of the disease, the treatment method is determined.

Treatment of mycosis of nails on the legs

The therapy of mycosis of nails on the legs depends on the patient's condition and the degree of destruction of the nail plate.The main goal of nail mycosis is the full disposal of the patient from the pathogen and the continuing relapse.The tactics of the treatment and the therapy method are determined by the doctor.

Medication

The most common treatment method is the use of medicinal products.The following groups of pharmaceuticals are used in therapy:

• Paulines are tablets that destroy the DNA of the parasite and its mycelium.It is recommended to receive money at least 14 days.
• Azoles are drugs that inhibit the growth of pathogenic agents and prevent their reproduction.
• Alllamine are durable medication used in advanced stages.Due to the minimum of contraindications, medication is successful.

The above medication have several forms of doses: tablets, capsules, creams and sprays.Animycotic drug therapy is carried out both inside and outside.The course of treatment is determined by the doctor.In addition to specific means, antiseptic solutions for washing, antibiotics and wound healing are prescribed.Doctors advise you to gradually get rid of the affected record: cut or cut the edges, use a special patch.

operation

If the conservative treatment did not provide positive results, use an operation.The intervention is carried out using laser rays to suppress the growth of the pathogenic microflora.The procedure is carried out in several phases.

Traditional medicine

Non -traditional recipes are used to rinse wounds and increase local immunity.It is impossible to eliminate the fungus with popular methods, but it is possible to weaken the pathogen of mycosis.

1. The most famous and most common method is baths and compressed with tar soap.
2. Famous bathrooms with sodium bicarbonate and salt - eliminate bacteria and exercise antiseptic properties.
3. Lemon juice and propolis.The nail is lubricated with juice and a compress made of propolis.
4. Celandine juice and vinegar, diluted with water.
5. Lotions from iodine.

People's methods are used together with drug treatment to prevent complications.Non -traditional treatment methods with a doctor should be coordinated.

prevention

Preventive measures can avoid infection and reduce the risk of relapse to the disease.The patient should eat properly, watch the hygiene of the legs, do not put on the shoes of someone else or use a joint towel.When you visit saunas or pools, put on personal rubber shoes and rinse them thoroughly at home.

The mycosis of the nails of the legs is an unpleasant and dangerous disease.The infection can penetrate deeper layers and impress the nail plate and the matrix.It is easier to prevent the disease than treated, but when the patient is infected, the patient should search for qualified help as soon as possible.Special creams, varnishes and tablets enable you to stop myzel growth and destroy the cell wall.It is important to understand that the treatment is long.